"Some" plantation owners doesn't sound like many. To whom were their slaves released?
According to Peter Kolchin in American Slavery, by 1840, virtually all African Americans in the North were free, so I doubt that Northern slave owners selling slaves to Southerners would have accounted for hardly any of the increase from 1850 to 1860. Can you cite an actual source or give a quote?
Much of this conversation is based on a desire of some sort to paint out history as all bad and evil. We seem to want so badly to paint it out as some grand crusade. It's not and it isn't. Life isn't so simple as to think slaves were here for the sole purpose of keeping a race at bay. That is not the case at all. There seems to be a great agenda on this board by a few to paint things all bad, if not agreed to, or all good if agreed to. With that, the argue seems to come from how they were raised or taught in school. We then get the single quote drama used normally in religious arguments. Of course, single quotes do not define the man. If so, Fredrick Douglass would have been considered a cold blooded killer and a heathen. But he was allowed the grace historically to change his mind and grow intellectually on the subjects at hand at the time.
Before I answer your question, I will say this again. The negro during our country's slave era was a machine used in business. Nothing more. It wasn't done to keep the black man down. Slave owners didn't pay the fees of purchase just to be able to rule over and keep a race down. They bought slaves as you would by a lawn mower. Nothing more, nothing less.
Does that make it right and good? No. But the black race was not looked upon then as it is now. Nothing can change that. It is done. Did I do it, no. Did you? no. Did any poster on this board live under slavery? no. It is done. We learned from it. It was an era thing. Societies learn from history and move on. You don't suppress it, nor do you move the pendulum to create the same bigotry and racial issues in the other direction as we are doing now. To claim that everything the south did prior to the civil war was bad is naive and best and very dangerous at worst.
But to answer your question, here is a stab at it. This facade of the great northern crusade against the suppression of the black race is a myth. Our country was involved as a whole and learned from it. All of this has allowed all races to benefit from the freedoms of this country and take advantage of an education provided by our government. If one does not partake now, it isn't because slavery existed in this country.
The north profited greatly from slave trade before, in a great way, during the abolishment of slavery in the north and right up to the civil war.
New England was by far the leading slave merchant of the American colonies.
Even after slavery was outlawed in the North, ships out of New England continued to carry thousands of Africans to the American South. Some 156,000 slaves were brought to the United States in the period 1801-08, almost all of them on ships that sailed from New England ports that had recently outlawed slavery. Rhode Island slavers alone imported an average of 6,400 Africans annually into the U.S. in the years 1805 and 1806. The financial base of New England's antebellum manufacturing boom was money it had made in shipping. And that shipping money was largely acquired directly or indirectly from slavery, whether by importing Africans to the Americas, transporting slave-grown cotton to England, or hauling Pennsylvania wheat and Rhode Island rum to the slave-labor colonies of the Caribbean.
Northerners profited from slavery in many ways, right up to the eve of the Civil War. The decline of slavery in the upper South is well documented, as is the sale of slaves from Virginia and Maryland to the cotton plantations of the Deep South. But someone had to get them there, and the U.S. coastal trade was firmly in Northern hands. William Lloyd Garrison made his first mark as an anti-slavery man by printing attacks on New England merchants who shipped slaves from Baltimore to New Orleans.
Long after the U.S. slave trade officially ended, the more extensive movement of Africans to Brazil and Cuba continued. The U.S. Navy never was assiduous in hunting down slave traders. The much larger British Navy was more aggressive, and it attempted a blockade of the slave coast of Africa, but the U.S. was one of the few nations that did not permit British patrols to search its vessels, so slave traders continuing to bring human cargo to Brazil and Cuba generally did so under the U.S. flag. They also did so in ships built for the purpose by Northern shipyards, in ventures financed by Northern manufacturers.
In a notorious case, the famous schooner-yacht Wanderer, pride of the New York Yacht Club, put in to Port Jefferson Harbor in April 1858 to be fitted out for the slave trade. Everyone looked the other way -- which suggests this kind of thing was not unusual -- except the surveyor of the port, who reported his suspicions to the federal officials. The ship was seized and towed to New York, but her captain talked (and possibly bought) his way out and was allowed to sail for Charleston, S.C.
Fitting out was completed there, the Wanderer was cleared by Customs, and she sailed to Africa where she took aboard some 600 blacks. On Nov. 28, 1858, she reached Jekyll Island, Georgia, where she illegally unloaded the 465 survivors of what is generally called the last shipment of slaves to arrive in the United States.
1. Hugh Thomas,
�The Slave Trade,� N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, 1997, p.519.
2. Lorenzo Johnston Greene,
�The Negro in Colonial New England, 1620-1776,� N.Y.: Columbia University Press, 1942, p.68-69.
3. ibid., p.26.
4. �Brown University committee examines historical ties to slavery,� Associated Press,
The Boston Globe, March 5, 2004