I respectfully suggest you read the eight-page syllabus at the beginning of the ruling.
AI warning, but you can get all of this from the beginning of the ruling itself.
{Begin}
Based on the Supreme Court's ruling, there is indeed a presumption of immunity for official acts performed by a president. Here are the key points regarding this presumption:
- The Court established that presidents have presumptive immunity from criminal prosecution for their official acts. This means there is an initial assumption that actions taken by a president in their official capacity are immune from criminal charges.
- The burden of proof is placed on prosecutors to demonstrate that an action was not an official act or that it falls outside the scope of immunity.
- The Court held that presidents enjoy full immunity from criminal charges for their "core constitutional" acts, which are actions central to the president's constitutional responsibilities and powers.
- However, the Court did not provide a comprehensive definition of official acts, instead leaving it to lower courts to determine on a case-by-case basis.
- Some examples were provided: Trump's conversations with Department of Justice officials regarding the election results were considered official acts. However, other actions, such as interactions with state officials, private parties, and public comments, present more difficult questions.
- The presumption of immunity applies to acts within the "outer perimeter" of official functions, as long as they are "not manifestly or palpably beyond his authority".
- This presumption does not extend to unofficial or private acts of the president, for which there is no immunity.
It's important to note that while this presumption exists, it is not absolute. The lower courts will now have to grapple with determining which of Trump's alleged actions qualify as official acts covered by this presumptive immunity.
{End}
So, there
is a starting presumption that any act is an official act.
Also, SCOTUS clearly claims that their interpretation of what constitutes an official act is going to be very broad (see 6 above, "outer perimeter").
SCOTUS generally kicks the determination of what is official or not back to the lower courts, but they sent a very clear signal by determining that the alleged corrupt direction from Trump to his AG to announce fraud when the DOJ had zero proof of fraud is an official act and that Trump is immune. No evidence regarding motive or state of mind will be considered much less accepted.
How do you think the SCOTUS is going to rule when the lower court determinations of official versus official make their way back, eventually, to SCOTUS? There is every reason SCOTUS will be extremely broad in their interpretation.
And, beyond all of that, SCOTUS has taken huge swaths of potential evidence in those determinations entirely off the table. For example, any future Watergate tapes equivalent are now protected.
I think it's the right that is trying to downplay the implications of this ruling and the reality of how much immunity the SCOTUS just conferred to the POTUS. It's not scaremongering in any way.